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岳阳楼记 （译文转载）
作者 范仲淹 （北宋） Renovation of the Yueyang Building / Yueyang Pavilion
Author：Fan Zhongyan （Northern Song Dynasty)
庆历四年春，滕子京谪守巴陵郡。越明年，政通人和，百废具兴。乃重修岳阳楼，增其旧制，刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上。属予作文以记之。
译文一
The spring in the fourth year of Qingli(reign title of Emperor, Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty)， Deng Zijing was relegated to the post of Baling Prefecture’s procurator. Next year, the government functioned well, the people were in their harmony lives and all neglected tasks were been undertaken. Then the Yueyang Building was renovated, increasing the original scale and carving on its wall with the poems and verses written by the Masters in the Tang Dynasty and contemporaries. I was entrusted with writing prose to record it.
译文二
In the spring of the fourth year of the Qingli period (the year 1044),Teng zijing was banished from the capital to be governor of Baling prefecture. After he had governed the district for a year, the administration became efficient the people became united, and all things that had fallen into disrepair were given a new lease of life .Then he restored Yueyang Pavilion ,adding new splendor to the original structure and having inscribed on it poems by the famous men of Tang Dynasty as well as the present time .And he asked me to write an essay to commemorate this ,
余观夫巴陵胜状，在洞庭一湖。衔远山，吞长江，浩浩汤汤，横无际涯；朝晖夕阴，气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也。前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡，南极潇湘，迁客骚人，多会于此，览物之情，得无异乎？
译文一
I observed the wonderful scenery of Baling, which depends primarily on the great Tongting Lake. It looks as holding the remote mountains in mouth and swallowing the Yangtze River. It is so vast, mighty and boundless! Over the lake the sky appears bright at morning and overcast in the evening; the scenery is so spectacular and majestic as people’s expected. Those are the grand sight around the Yueyang Building, which had made the descriptive complete records by the predecessors. However,the lake connects northward to the Wu Gorge and southward to the end of the Xiangjiang River; most of the demoted officers and dejected poets are gathering here. Could not their feelings caused by such scenery, be variable?
译文二
Now I have found that the finest sights of Baling are concentrated in the region of Lake Dongting. Dongting ,nibbling at the distant hills and gulping down the Yangzi River ,strikes all beholders as vast and infinite, presenting a scene of boundless variety ,and this is the superb view from Yueyang Pavilion. All this has been described in full by writers of early ages. However since the lake is linked with Wu Gorge in the north and extends to the Rivers Xiao and Xiang in the south, many exiles and wandering poems gather here and their reactions to these sights vary greatly.
若夫霪雨霏霏，连月不开，阴风怒号，浊浪排空；日星隐曜，山岳潜形；商旅不行，樯倾楫摧；薄暮冥冥，虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣。
译文一
Whenever the bad weather, the excessive rain is falling thick and fast, even lasting for the whole month. The chilly winds are howling hard and the turbid waves are rushing even up to the sky. The sun and stars lose their brilliance and the shapes of the lofty mountains are hidden. And then the business travels stop and the masts and oars of the sailing boats are collapsed. When the time is to the evening dark, tigers are roaring and apes are whistling. At that time, if people ascend to the top of this building，all kind of feeling, such as being apart from the capital, yearning for native lands, worrying to be slandered, fearing to be jealous of, and seeing everywhere almost sadly, may be touched off. Deeply moving to the extreme, sadness is inevitable.
译文二
During a period of incessant rain ,when a spell of bad weather continues for more than a month ,when louring winds bellow angrily ,tumultuous waves hurl themselves against the sky, sun and stars hide their light, hills and mountains disappear, merchants have to halt in their travels, masts collapse and oars splinter, the day darkens and roars of tigers and howls of monkeys are heard, if men come to this pavilion with a longing for home in their hearts or nursing a feeling of bitterness because of taunts and slander ,they may find the sight depressing and fall prey to agitation or despair.
至若春和景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷；沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳；岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。而或长烟一空，皓月千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧，渔歌互答，此乐何极！登斯楼也，则有心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘，把酒临风，其喜洋洋者矣。
译文一
On the contrary, in the fine weather, the spring comes in bright sunshine and gentle breeze. The lake is without any terrifying rush and its color from top to bottom is as same as the sky, as if the blue water is reaching far beyond the horizon. Sandpipers gather flying in the air and fishes play in the water. Fragrant grass and orchids growing up luxuriantly on the shore and sand-bank are blue and green. Sometimes the steam and smoke in the sky completely dissipated, and sometimes a bright moon hanging in the sky shines far away beyond almost a thousand li of distance. The floating beam of the Moon radiates a silver glittering upon the water. The quiet shadow of her mirrored in the water is similar to the sunken jasper under the water surface. The fishing songs respond with each other. How much joyful it is! At that tome , if people ascend to the top of this building，they may touch off the feelings of carefree and happy, and forget honor and disgrace, gain and lose. Facing the gentle breeze and drinking, full of joy is also inevitable.
译文二
But during mild and bright spring weather ,when the waves are unruffled and the azure translucence above and below stretches before your eyes for myriads of li ,when the water –birds fly down to congregate on the sand and fish with scales like glimmering silk disport themselves in the water ,when the iris and orchids on the banks grow luxuriant and green ,or when dusk falls over this vast expanse and bright moonlight casts its light a thousand li ,when the rolling waves glitter like gold and silent shadows in the water glimmer like jade ,and the fishmen sing to each other for sheer joy ,then men coming up to this pavilion may feel complete freedom of heart and ease of spirit, forgetting every worldly gain of setback to hold their wine cups in the breeze in absolute elation ,delighted with life .
嗟夫！余尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为，何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲。居庙堂之高则忧其民；处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧，退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶？其必曰“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐乎。”噫！微斯人，吾谁与归？
译文一
Ah! I have looked for the minds of the ancient people with lofty ideas. They were perhaps not alike both states as above mentioned. Why? They don’t joy for substance and don’t feel sad for themselves. When situated at the high post in the imperial court, they worried about people and when located at the corners far away the capital, they worried about the Emperor. Therefore, advance would cause them worrying and retreat would also cause them worrying. In that case, if I asked, "When they joy?" They had to say: "Worry should be before, and joy must be after those of the people." Alas! If there were not such spirited people, whom would I go together with ?
译文二
But again when I consider the men of old who possessed true humanity ,they seem to have responded quite differently. The reason ,perhaps may be this :natural beauty was not enough to make them happy, nor their own situation enough to make them sad. When such men are high in the government or at court ,their first concern is for the people; when they retire to distant streams and lake, their first concern is for their sovereign. Thus they worry both when in office and when in retirement.When ,then can they enjoy themselves in life ? No doubt they are concerned before anyone else and enjoy themselves only after everyone else finds enjoyment .Surely these are the men in those footsteps I should follow!
时六年九月十五日。
This article was written on the 15th day of the 9th lunar month in the sixth year of Qingli (1046 A.D.)
时六年九月十五日。
The time is the 15th day of the 9th month ,the 6th year
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