| 二 短语分译
短语分译是指把原文中的一个短语分译成一个句子。名词短语、分词短语、介词短语等
有时都可以分译成句。例如
(1) These cheerful little trams, dating back to 1873, chug and sway up the towering hills with
bells ringing and people hanging from every opening.
这些令人欢快的小缆车建于1873年嘎嚓嘎嚓摇摆爬上高耸的山峦。车上铃儿叮当作响
每个窗口都是人。介词短语分译
(2) The military is forbidden to kill the vessel, a relatively easy task.
军方被禁止击毁这艘潜艇虽然要击毁它并不怎么费事。(名词短语分译)
(3) Invitingly green Angel Island, once a military installation, contains meandering trails and
picnic spots ideal for a day's excursion.
迷人的天使岛郁郁葱葱小径蜿蜒是一日游的理想野餐场所。但在过去它却是一个军
事基地。名词短语分译
三 句子分译
句子分译可以分为简单句的分译、并列复合句的分译、主从复合句的分译以及其他情况
的分译。
A. 简单句的分译
(1) Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle.
黎明时分大雾弥漫细雨蒙蒙。
(2) But another round of war in the region clearly would put strains on international relations.
但是如果该地区再次发生战争显然会使国际关系处于紧张状态。
B. 并列复合句的分译
并列英语复合句常常在分句连接处加以切分译成两个或两个以上的句子。例如
(1) I sat with his wife in their living room, looking out the glass doors to the backyards, and
there was Allen's pool, still covered with black plastic that had been stretched across it for winter.
我跟他妻子一起坐在他们家的起居室里望着玻璃门外的后院。后院里有阿伦的游泳池
上面还盖着过冬时铺上去的黑色塑料蓬。在连词and处切分
(2) On her once familiar street, as in any unused channel, an unfamiliar queerness had silted up;
a cat wove itself in and out of railings, but no human eye watched Mrs Drover's return.
走在一度熟悉的大街上就像在一条没有人走过的道路上一样她心里充满了从未有过
的新奇。一只猫在栏杆那儿绕来绕去但是没有人留意特罗弗太太回来。在 处切分
(3) The entire cable-car system recently got an overhaul after more than a century of operations,
so you are on firm ground even if the streets seem to be tilting beneath you.
在运行了一个世纪之后最近对整个缆车系统进行了彻底检修。所以即使你觉得街道似
乎在下面倾斜你在缆车上仍很安全。在连词so处切分
(4) The recruitment of Chinese labor was not universally accepted in racially conscious 19th
century America and some white workers were unsettled by their appearance in large numbers.
在种族意识十分强的19世纪的美国招募中国劳工的做法并非普遍为人接受。由于工地
上大批出现中国劳工某些白人工人感到心绪不宁。在连词and处切分
27 C. 主从复合句的分译
英语复合句汉译时常在分句连接处加以切分分译成两个或两个以上的句子。例如
(1) One day, while out on the bleak moors, Pip is startled by a hulking, menacing man who
threatens him if he does not bring him some food immediately.
匹普外出在阴冷的荒原上游荡时一个魁梧、凶狠的男子把他吓了一跳。这个男子威胁
他让他立即为他送些食物来。在who引导的从句前切分
(2) All this had come to an end in 1905 when the medical mission was dissolved and several of
Mother's colleagues were killed in the uprising.
1905年这一切都宣布结束了。在一次暴动中妈妈的几个同事牺牲了医疗队也解散
了。 when处切分
D. 其他情况的分译
有些长句的翻译得根据具体情况、意群的分布等进行灵活处理合理进行切分使译文
层次分明观点明确。例如
(1) Suddenly the door bursts open and the Time Traveler appears, dirty, disheveled, and
bedraggled, with a nasty cut on his chin.
突然门猛然开了时间旅行家出现。他十分肮脏衣冠不整满身是泥下巴颏被严
重划伤。在appear后切分
(2) The boy and the woman were already seated by spread table-cloth when the man came
down to them, dressed in his business suit and vest and tie and hat as if he expected to meet
someone along the way.
等到男人走过来时女人和孩子早已挨着地上铺开的桌布边坐好了。男人身穿上班的套
装和背心系着领带戴着帽子似乎估计路上会遇到什么人似的。分词短语前切分 | 
英文翻译技巧29