| 三 长句翻译
长句的翻译首先要判断出句子的结构如是简单句并列句还是复合句再找出句中
的主要句子成分即主语和谓语动词然后再分清句中的宾语、状语、表语、宾语补足语、
定语等最后还要弄清原文的表达模式特点。一般说来英语长句的翻译主要依原句的语义
及句子各部分间的逻辑关系而定采取的方法就是分译而分译法大体又分为顺译法、逆译
法、综合法。例如
(1) …This is nonsense but with it organs of the popular Press played upon the emotions of their
readers so successfully that many candidates for Parliament were afraid to support abolition for fear
of losing votes and the result was the muddle-headed Homicide Act of 1957 which made murder
with robbery a capital crime and allowed the prisoner to escape the gallows. ……这是胡说八道
但一些在大众中颇有影响的报刊却利用它大肆煽动读者的情绪许多竟选国会议员的人由于
害怕失去选票而不敢支持废除死刑其结果就是1957年通过的糊里糊涂的《凶杀法案》。根
据这个法案抢劫杀人犯要判死刑而投毒杀人犯却可不判死刑。顺译法
(2) From radio-active water and soil around a nuclear-weapons plant in Colorado to man-made
deserts in Soviet Central Asia, the world is peppered with examples of what poor education or
unneighborly attitudes can do to the planet that must feed and clothe us all.如果人们受教育不够或
不能善待环境他们会对人类赖以生存的这个星球做出些什么事来呢全世界到处都有这样
的例子从科罗拉多州核武器工厂周围幅射活跃的水土到原苏联中亚地区的人为沙漠。逆译
法
(3) Many man-made substances are replacing certain natural materials because either the
quantity of the natural products can not meet our ever-increasing requirement, or more often,
because the physical property of the synthetic substance, which is the common name for man-made
materials, have been chosen, and even emphasized, so that it would be of the greatest use in the
33 fields in which it is to be applied.合成材料通常称为人造材料。许多人造材料正逐步取代某些天
然材料这或许是因为天然制品的数量不能满足人们日益增长的需求但更多的则是因为人
们看中了合成材料的某种物理性能并充分发挥这些性能以便使合成材料在其应用领域中
最大限度地发挥作用。综合法
长句翻译不能一味地照顾译入语的表达习惯而不重视原文作者句式安排的特殊目的或意
图而要想看出原文作者的用意就不能将目光局限在一个句子中各部分间的逻辑关系上
而应扩展到句群乃至语篇中。 | 
英文翻译技巧36