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新东方考研英语翻译技巧绝版总结34
lily2005 发表于 2014/10/12 12:19:00
 


冲刺班笔记: 

2003年英译汉试题 

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segmentssintosChinese. Your translation 

should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) 

Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and 

creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity. 61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which 

they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study 

humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from 

such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet 

Earth. 

"Anthropology" derives from the Greek words anthropos "human" and logos "the study of." By its very name, anthropology 

encompasses the study of all humankind. 

Anthropology is one of the social sciences. 62) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to 

study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists 

use for the study of natural phenomena. 

Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Each of these 

social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology. 

All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes 

extensive use of the comparative method in analysis. 63) The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a 

cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly 

important social science. 

Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture. Sir Edward Tylor's formulation of the concept of culture 

  

16 

was one of the great intellectual achievements of 19th century science. 64) Tylor defined culture as "... that complex whole 

which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society." 

This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life. Implicit 

within Tyler's definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned behavior. 

65) Thus, the anthropological concept of "culture," like the concept of "set" in mathematics, is an abstract concept 

which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 

 

61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life 

forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 

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