一个13亿人口的大国要实现和平崛起,绝非易事。目前,就经济和社会发展领域而言,中国面临三大挑战:
第一个是资源特别是能源的挑战。中国人均资源占有量在全世界排在后列;同时,由于发展速度快而科技水平低,中国制造业的资源消耗尤其是能耗却排在世界前列。这就使得资源特别是能源短缺。
第二个是生态环境的挑战。环境污染严重、生态状况恶化、资源耗费巨大、回收率低而导致环境破坏等问题,已成为中国经济保持可持续发展的瓶颈。
第三个是在经济与社会发展过程中的一系列失衡问题的挑战。因此,我们既要使GDP持续快速增长,又要加快社会建设步伐;既要注重公平、缩小差距,又要保持活力、提高效率。
It is anything but easy for a country of 1.3billion people to achieve peaceful rise. At present, China faces "three major challenges" in its economic and social development.
The first challenge comes from the shortage of resources, particularly energies. China lags behind the world in terms of per capita hold of resources. Meanwhile, due to the fast speed of our economic development coupled with the low level of science and technology, China manufacturing industry is among the most energy-consuming in the world. Consequently, resources in China,especially energies, have been in tight supply.
The second challenge is from ecological environment. The serious environmental problem caused by severe pollution, deteriorating ecological conditions, huge consumption of resources and low reclamation has already become a bottleneck for the sustainable development of the Chinese economy.
The third challenge is posed by a string of imbalances in economic and social development. Because of this, we need to balance the rapid and continuous GDP growth rate against the pace of social construction, and balance emphasis on equality and narrowing down gaps against efforts to maintain vitality and enhance efficiency in ecnomic activity.
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