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主题： 向大师们学习吧——中译英操作：遣词造句（续） [实用翻译] |
 发表于 2005/12/2 17:10:00
再举一个例子。 一种观点认为，既然我国刑法没有把丈夫和妻子排除在外，如果丈夫违背妻子意愿，强行与妻子发生性行为，就应定为强奸罪…… 原译：First opinion, now that Criminal Law in China does not exclude husband and wife, if a husband forces his wife to participate in unwanted sexual activity, he has committed rape. 查汉英词典和同义词词典 ，“观点”可能译为：view, viewpoint，point of view, opinion “一种观点”可能翻译为：one view, one opinion, one point of view 接下来看这些说法的搭配是否得当，以及如何放在句子中。 在Simple Search of BNC-World上搜索one view，共搜索到76个包含one view的例句，显示了其中的50个（免费用户最多可以看到50个），比如： 1. One view of the art market is that it is like a staircase with several landings. 2. One view is that the Corporation can now afford to do this. 3. One view has it that they are the trusted preservers of law and order… 4. One view sees the development of fairness as a correlative of the expansion of procedural rights post Ridge v. Baldwin. 5. One view saw Suharto's motive in encouraging greater activism on the part of Golkar as an attempt to acquire a reforming image to help counteract pressure on him to stand down before the 1993 election. 6. On one view, this was a bilateral dispute between Israel and Egypt regarding the right of transit for Israeli shipping through the Canal. 7. On one view, expert determination is not a form of dispute resolution at all. 据此，我们可以总结出one view所使用的句套子：One view is that…, one view has it that…, one view sees something as something else, on one view+句子。根据本句的特点，我们可以选用简单的one view is that… 我们可以再搜索一下one opinion的用法。同一语料库，one opinion仅有6个例句，可以用作本句翻译模板的只有一个： Taking a more global view, one opinion is that the manufacturing industries should indeed move to developing countries whilst the advanced industries orientate their labour forces toward information and other service industries. 可以看出，虽然one view is that…与one opinion is that…都可以使用，但前者更为常用。 从另一个角度看，也可以从“认为”入手进行翻译。“认为”的英语可以是think, believe, consider. 在WordNet上查think，不仅得到think的同义词，还可以得到各词的例句，可以据此决定各词在句子中的用法，比如，think的第1义项是： Sense 1 think, believe, consider, conceive -- (judge or regard; look upon; judge; "I think he is very smart"; "I believe her to be very smart"; "I think that he is her boyfriend"; "The racist conceives such people to be inferior") EX: They think that there was a traffic accident 因为think或believe的主语必须是人（从例句可以看到），所以，“一种观点认为”，就应变为“有人认为”：some believe…, some think… 下面看“既然”一词的意义和用法。“既然”在字典上有两个译法，一是now that，二是since。学生选择了now that. Cobuild 对now that的解释是： 2. You also use now or now that when you are talking about the effect of an event or change. I like him a lot now he's older. Now that she's found him, she'll never let him go. 可见，Now that 表示“既然结果是……”，BNC-World众多例句也说明了这一意思，如： 1. Sir: Now that the dust kicked up by the mass raid on the Broadwater Farm estate last week has begun to settle, it is time to embark upon an assessment of its effects. 2. Now that Caen had fallen, some of the villagers, were beginning to drift back to their homes. 3. Now that Czechoslovakia is stepping out of the Stalinist ice-box, nationalist voices in Slovakia are beginning to be heard again. Cobuild 对since的解释如下： 3 You use since to introduce a reason. Aircraft noise is a problem here since we're close to Heathrow Airport. Since it was Saturday, he stayed in bed an extra hour. 所以，since表示原因，更符合本句的意思。 我们看下一个关键词“排除”。“排除”可以翻译为exclude。我们看Cobuild的解释和用法举例： 1 If you exclude something from an activity or discussion, you deliberately do not include that thing in it. The r
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